Developments in the treatment of aneurysms and stenoses

Blood minimally invasive surgery or endovascular techniques (TEV) is a procedure developed late last century and consisting of treating both the constrictions (stenoses and / or occlusions) and dilations (aneurysms) of arteries.

What is blood minimally invasive surgery or endovascular techniques (TEV)?

The technique consists of, by puncturing distal to the affected artery, introducing catheters and through them used in the case of stenoses, some balls (that dilate the stenosed arteries) and / or stents (a kind of springs prevent the artery from narrowing again). For dilations or aneurysms are used for processing a coated with different materials as Dacron, Gore-Tex, etc, which is obtained by coating these dilations in and prevent breakage stents.

What patient is intended?

Indications of TEVs have varied over time, but in general we can say that in the case of stenoses are used in patients with "favorable" when clinical injuries and puts the viability of the organ or limb at risk affected. For aneurysms when large, rapidly increase in size or produce any complications as breakage.

What are the advantages and disadvantages compared to other techniques offer?

The alternative to the conventional technique is TEVs or open surgery. The advantages are that TEVs is less invasive as it is done through a simple puncture, and hospital stay is shorter in some cases can be discharged next day the patient. As disadvantages we can mention that in many cases the technique should be repeated and long - term results are inferior to conventional surgery.

What are the risks?

Intraoperative risks, ie those that may arise during the operation of the TEV, are scarce, but in some important cases. They can be classified in intraoperative or local, in the puncture site, such as rupture of the artery can cause a dilation or thrombosis that sometimes requires emergency intervention.

Intraoperative risks distance will depend on the technique that is done. In the case of stenosis may result in injury to the wall of the artery (dissection) or even thrombosis which would require a new procedure or retrain conventional surgery. In the treatment of aneurysms complications can be poor implementation which would result in "leak". The long-term risks of these techniques often result in the deterioration of materials, but today such materials have advanced considerably in their safety.

What is the postoperative?

If limb injuries or visceral arteries are treated, postoperative is usually short, the first few hours at rest, but within 24 hours the patient can be discharged. In the case of treating more complex lesions, such as carotid arteries or aortic aneurysms, postoperative is the same but usually the high extends another day.

What kind of care should be the patient before and after surgery?

Before the intervention, patients, if not medicated for his Angiologist and Vascular Surgeon , the only treatment is to control cardiovascular risk factors: snuff, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, etc.. Postoperatively the recommendations are the same, regardless of the medication prescribed by your doctor.

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