What are the main diseases of the retina
Written by:The retina is the light sensitive tissue that is located on the inner surface of the eye. It is related to different diseases, among which are the retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration, also known as DMAE.
All these diseases of the retina may result in loss of visual acuity of the person affected. This causes a serious disturbance in the patient's ability to perform the normal household activities and makes you more vulnerable to situations such as trauma and depression.
Causes of major diseases of the retina
According to specialists in Ophthalmology , the causes of retinal diseases vary depending on the disease. On one hand, the cause of retinal detachment can be diverse, but the more important due to their frequency is the posterior vitreous detachment. This retinal detachment breaks and thus causes the liquid to pass through glass breakage of the retina and subretinal space occupy.
Diabetic retinopathy is a secondary microangiopathy an altered glucose metabolism by lack of insulin or by the presence of factors that disrupt proper operation.
Finally, macular degeneration (AMD), is produced by a tissue aging process that causes atrophy-inducing metabolic disorders, ischemia, VEGF overexpression and, in some cases, the growth of neovessels.
Treatments for diseases of the retina
According to the retinal disease, the treatment is performed is either. When a retinal detachment occurs, treatment is always surgical. The patient should be operated preferentially, especially if the stain is still applied (ON).
Diabetic retinopathy should be treated from the point of view of the patient comprehensive systemic in order to control glucose metabolism. Treatment should be aimed at fighting macular edema and retinal ischemia. The therapeutic means used are laser photocoagulation and intravitreal drug treatments to combat tissue ischemia, increased vascular permeability and inflammatory cell recruitment.
As for macular degeneration (AMD), it manifests in two ways: dry and exudative. The dry form does not have to date no effective treatment, while the wet form intravíteas can be treated by injections of anti-VEGF neutralizing overexpression of the growth factor and vascular endothelial growth control well subretinal neovascularization .
